Foundation Problems – What Every UK Homeowner Needs to Know
Noticing a crack in the wall or a sagging floor can feel like a nightmare. Before you panic, take a step back and check the facts. Small movements are normal, but certain signs mean you need to act fast. This guide walks you through the most common foundation issues, how to measure them, and when to call a professional.
How to Spot a Real Problem
First, look at the crack width. If it’s thinner than 1 mm, it’s usually just plaster shrinkage. Cracks wider than 3 mm, especially if they run vertically or diagonally, could indicate settlement or soil movement. Use a simple ruler or a crack gauge to get an accurate measurement – you’ll thank yourself when you have numbers to show a structural engineer.
Next, check the location. Cracks at the corners of doors, windows, or along the foundation line are more serious than those on interior plaster. Look for doors that won’t close properly or floors that feel uneven. Those are red flags that the house is moving.
Don’t forget the outside. Look for bulging foundation walls, water pooling near footings, or signs of subsidence like sinkholes. In areas with clay soil, such as parts of the South West, seasonal swelling and shrinking can stress the foundation.
What to Do When You Find a Problem
If you’ve measured a crack larger than 3 mm or see water damage, call a qualified structural engineer right away. They will assess the cause and recommend a repair method – from simple epoxy injection to more extensive underpinning. Remember, DIY fixes can sometimes make things worse, especially if the underlying soil issue isn’t addressed.
When you get a repair quote, ask about the type of cement being used. Hydraulic cement or polymer‑modified mixes often provide the best long‑term strength for foundation cracks. Ask the contractor how they’ll protect the surrounding soil from further movement during the fix.
Insurance can be a gray area. Most standard home policies don’t cover foundation problems unless they’re caused by a covered event like a burst pipe. Review your policy wording or speak to your insurer to see if you need a separate endorsement for subsidence or structural damage.
Finally, keep an eye on the repaired area for at least a year. New cracks can appear if the original cause isn’t fully resolved. Regularly check for moisture buildup, especially after heavy rain, and maintain good drainage around your home.
Foundation problems don’t have to ruin your life, but they do need prompt attention. By measuring cracks, spotting tell‑tale signs, and getting the right professional help, you can protect your home’s value and keep your family safe.
